Breech-loading fire-arm



2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

Patented June 13, 1882.

(No Model.)

W. E. BUDD. BRBEGH LOADING PIRE ARM.

wbb2@ ses N. PETERS. PhaurLimugmphnf. washington D t;

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

VILLIAM E. BUDD, OF OHATHAM, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF 'lO JAMES BRYOE, JR., OF MADISON, NEW JERSEY.

BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARM.

sPEc1F1oAT1oN'forming part of Letters Patent No. 259,361, dated .rune 13, 1882.Y

Application filedJnne 16, 1881. (No model.)

'1nerless guns, or gunshaving concealed hammers, although certain features of the invention are applicable to guns generally.

The invention consists in a novel means of holding the barrel rigid upon the base plate or piece, so that it cannot get accidentally' displaced, and yet may be readily detached, when necessary.

The invention also consists in various novel' features of construction, hereinafter particularly described, in the devices for drawing back the breech-block to open the gun and for holding and locking it in its forward position to close the gun, whereby greater strength to resist the recoil produced by the discharge is secured, and the security of the fire-arm is increased.

The invention also consists in the combination, with a hammer, of a novel form of extractor which is acted upon by the hammer to grasp the iiange of the shell, and which also serves as an indicator for telling whether the gun has or has not been tired.

y In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate a double-barreled L shotgun, Figure l represents a longitudinal section through the right barrel of the tire-arm and its appurtenances, showing the breech closed. Fig. 2 represents a similar section taken in a plane between the barrels, showing the breech open. Fig. 3 represents a perspective detail view, hereinafter described. Fig. 4 represents a plan, partly in section, with the barrels removed and upon a larger scale. Fig. 5 represents a section through the breech-piece, removed, and also a view ofthe hammer on the same scale as Fig. 4. Fig. 6 represents a transverse section on the dotted line .fr Fig. 4, and an end view of the breech-block. Fig. 7 represents a section upon the same line and an end view of the barrels, and Fig. 8

represents a perspective view of a removable tongue with which the base-piece of the tirearm is provided.

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the figures.

A designates a base-piece, the form of which is shown in Figs. 1, 4,6, and 7, and which may consist ofa malleable iron, steel, or other casting, and is ribbed to give it the required strength. The said base-piece, in its rear end, has a cavity, A,which receives the devices for moving the breech-block, hereinafter described, and to said base-piece is attached the wooden stock A2.

B designates the breech-block, and G the barrels.; and I will now describe their attachnient with the base piece or plate A. The said base piece or plate is flat upon its upper side, and is planed off perfectly true, and has formed in it a rabbeted groove, a, which extends from the cavity A forward to an upwardly-projecting lug, a. The breech-block B is fiat upon theunder side, and is provided with a rabbeted tongue, b, as best seen in Figs. 5 and 6, which lits in the rabbeted groove a in the base piece or plate and guides the breech-block in itsforward and backward movements. The fiat up per surface of the base piece or plate affords an ample bearing for the movable breechblock, and the rabbe'ted tongue and groove prevent all lateral or upward movement or displacement of the breech-block.

In the portion of the groove a. in the base piece or plate A which is in front of the breechblock B, when in its forward position, is fitted a removable tongue, c, which is rabbeted upon the lower side to engage with the groove a. and upon the upper side to engage with a rabbeted groove, d, in the under side of the barrels C, as seen in Figs.2and 7. The removable tongue c has at one end a head, c', and when the tongue is inserted in the groove a in the base piece or plate A it is shoved forward until it strikes the lug a', in which position it is secured by a screw, d', inserted through said lug and entering the head c of the tongue. When thus secured the tongue cis held perfectly rigid and constitutes in effect a part of the base piece or plate A. The barrels C, forward of the rabbeted groove d, have a cavity or deeper groove, d2, which is of a size to receive the head c of thc tongue c and is of a length sligh tly greater than the length of said tongue. In placing the barrels in position their groove d is first made to engage with the tongue c, and they are then pushed forward until the end of the deeper groove, di", strikes upon the head c' of the tongue c, which forms a solid shoulder to prevent forward movement of the barrels when fired. The barrels are held up against the head c by means of a spring-catch, e, which is secured to the base piece or plate and is adapted to engage with a notch, e', in the barrels, as seen in Fig. 2.

D designates a push-pin extending through the front of the stock below the barrel, and engaging with the spring-catch e by means of a screw, e2, which enters a slot in said catch, and hence it will be seen that by pushing the the rod or pin D inward the catch e is made to engage with the notch e', while by pulling it outward the said catch is disengaged @om said notch and permits the barrels to be vmfved backward to release them from the removable tongue c. The tongue c may be adjusted longitudinally by the screw d', inserted through the lug a', and after being properly adjusted it may be rigidly secured by screws j', which are inserted through elongated holes or slots f in the base piece or plate, which provide for adjusting said tongue as may be found necessary. The manner of holding the said tongue in place on the base piece or plate A is best seen in Fig. 2.

The devices for moving the breech-block B to open and close the breech of the barrels C consist of a. lever, E, and a link,F,which, when the breech is closed, are both under cover of the cavity A in the base piece or plate A, and are thereby protected. The lever E is pivoted atg inthe base-piece A, and has at its other or free end a rin g-shaped finger-piece, E', whereby it may be raised. The link F is pivotcd at one end, at g', to the breech-block B and at the other end, g2, to the lever E at some distance from its fulcrum. rlhe under side of the lever E is recessed, and in saidrecess, between the sides thereof,is received the link F when the breech is closed and the link and lever are both closed down, as seen in Fig. 1. The lower portion of thelink F is considerably greater in thickness than the upper portion, which ts in the recess in the lever E for the purpose of giving it additional strength and forming shoulders g3 upon the sides thereof. Upon the link F is a downwardly-projecting horn, h, which, when the parts are adjusted to close the breech, as seen in Fig. l, enters a hole, 7L', provided for it in the bottom of the cavity A'in the base-piece A, and thus formsastrong and effective shoulder or stop for receiving all the recoil of the breech-block when the firearm s discharged, all the force of the recoil raised and the breech opened.

being transmitted from the breech-block B through the link F and received bythe horn h, bearing against the back end of the hole h. By the formation ofthe horn h upon thelink F the lever E, the lever-pivot g, and the pivotal connection g2 between the said lever and link are all relieved ot strain from the recoil of the breech-block. When the breech-block is to be drawn back to open the breech of the barrels the finger is inserted through the rin g-shaped iinger-piece E and the leverE pulled up and outward in the direction of the arrow, Fig. l. In order to prevent the accidental movement of the lever, however, I employ a bolt, t', which its in a socket in the breech-block B, and

' is impelled outward by a spring, i', as seen in Fig 2, so as to protrude slightly from the rear of the breecheblock B and into a holefiz, in thc end of the lever E, as shown in Fig. 3, thus preventing the raising ofthe lever until the bolt is pushed in. The outward movement of the bolt i is-limited by a stop consisting of a screw, i, inserted through the breechblock and entering a slot extending lengthwise of the bolt, as seen in Fig. 2.

The finger-piece E is slotted at about the middle of its width, the slot intersecting the hole t2, and in said slot is fitted an arc-shaped or segmental plate orlatch,j, which is pivoted at one end,j', andis notchedat the other end, j'z, as seen in Fig. 3. When the lever E is down the notch jZ is coincident with the lhole i?, and therefore the outer end ofthe bolti enters the said hole and holds the lever down. When the linger is inserted into the tlngeepiece E to raise theleverE the plate orlatch j is raised, and its notch jz, acting upon the end of the bolt i, pushes the bolt inward against the force of its spring i sufficiently to disen gage it from the hole i2, whereupon the `lever E may be When the lever E is pushed down the plate or latch vjy acts upon the taper or slanted outer end of the bolt i and pushes it inward, allowing the lever to he fully moved down, whereupon said bolt springs outward into the hole t2 and locks the lever. Any other form of catch for holding the lever E down might be used with the other features of my re-arm.

In the breech-block B are fitted movable rin-g-pins, k, which are inserted from the back end of the breech-block and are held in place by spring orelastic arms or fingers k. (Best shown in Fig.4, but also shown in Fig. 5.)

Gr designates the hammers, which are pivoted at l, and are acted upon by mainsprings Z in the usual way. H designates the triggers, and m the sears, which are impelled into engagement with thehammcrs by sear-sprin gs m to hold them cocked.

To hold the hammers againstbeing accidentally pulled, I may employ a movable lockingplate, m2,(shownin Fig. 1,) whichmay be pushed forward to engage with notches m3 in the back of the triggers 5 but I make no claim to such lock-f IOO IIO

IIS

ing-plate or to the other lock' mechanism. I will now describe the eXtractors and indicators, which are best shown in Figs. 4 and 5, but also in Fig. l.

In the breech-block Bare arranged two levers, n, which are pivoted or fulerurned at a and are adapted to vibrate or move slightly in vertical planes coincident with the centers of the bores of the barrels C. At the forward or front end these levers u are provided with upwardly-projectin g heads n2, which project through slots n3 in thetop of. the breech-block, where they are in 'plainrsightg as seenin Figs. 4 and 5, so that their movements are plainly visible from the top of the breech-block. The ends of thelevers nare hooked and are adapted to tit upon and grasp the flanged end of a cartridgeshell on the upper side, while the under or lower side of the llangc end is held upon or supported by anger,a4, (shown in Fig. 5,) which enters a groove in the chamber o't the barrel when the breech-block is moved forward to close the breech.

In the center of the width of the breechblock B is a bolt, o, which is impelled outward by a spring, o', and has projecting pins or arms o2 on opposite sides, which project horizontally over the tops of the levers n forward or in front ot' their pivots or fulcra and bear upon the inclined upper edges of the levers n. \Vhen the breech is open and the breech-block is moved back the bolt 0 is impelled forward by the spring o', and the arms o2, acting upon the inclined tops ofthe levers n, force said levers down and cause their hooked heads n2 to grip and hold the flan ged end of the cartridgeshells between them and the fingers a* tightly enough to withdraw the shells from the barrels. As soon as the shells are withdrawn from the barrels pushers or bolts p, which are arranged below the iiringpins, are impelled forward by their actuating-springs p' and tilt the shells upward into the position shown in Fig. 2, when they may be readily taken hold of by the lingers and removed.

Although the levers n, the firing-pins 7c, and the spring-pushersp are described as arranged in the breech-block B, I would here remark that they are, for convenience in making the arms, arranged in two cylindric blocks or hubs, B', which are screwed into the breechblock, one in line with each barrel, and may very properly be considered as part of the breechblock.

When the breech-block is in its forward position the bolt o impinges on the end of the barrels, and is thus pressed and held in, so that its arms o2 do not act on the levers n, and permit the forward ends of said levers to be raised by springs r, the ends of which t in notches r in the levers a and exert a constant upward tendency thereon. When the heads ofthe 1cvers n are raised so that the heads project above the breech-block, as seen in Fig. 1, they serve as indicators, by glancing at which the Vthe back endv or tail of the said lever, thus lowering or depressing the head thereof, so that it will grip the flanged end of the cartridge-shell and also indicate that that barrel has been fired. The hammer G then holds the head of thelever a down in engagement with the shell until the breech-block B commences its backward movement,'whereupon the bolt o moves outward, and its arms o2, bearing upon the inclined upper edges of the levers n, hold the heads thereof down in engagement with the cartridgeshells during the whole outward movement of the breech-block.

By my invention I provide a very convenient and reliable means of detachably securing the barrels of breech-loading fire-arms to the base pieces or plates thereof, and I provide a very simple and reliable shell-extractor and indicator for fire-arms.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a breech-loading fire-arm, the combination of a base-piece grooved upon its upper surface, a breecl1-block provided with a tongue fitting in said groove, a removable tongue litltin g and secured in said groove, and a barrel or barrels having a groove fitting said removable tongue, substantially as specied.

2. In a breech-loading tire-arm, the combination ot' the base-piece A, provided with a groove, a, the removable tongue c, fitting and secured in said groove, the screw d', for adjusting said tongue, and a barrel or barrels having the groove c7, fitting said tongue, substantially as specified.

3. In a breech-loading hre-arm, the combination of the basepiece A, provided with a groove, a, the removable tongue c, fitting in said groove and provided with a head, c, the barrels C, provided with a groove, d, and the catch e, substantially as specified.

et. In a breech-loading lire-arm, the combination of the base-piece A, having in it the cavity A', in the bottom of which is the hole h', the breech-block B, the lever E, and link F, for operating the breech-block, adapted to nt in the cavity A' when the breech is closed, and the horn h, projecting from said link and adapted to enter the hole h', whereby the lever, its pivot, and the pivotal connection between said lever and link are relieved of all strain from the recoil, substantially as specified.

5. In a breech-loading lire-arm, the combination of a sliding breech-block, an extractor and indicator consisting of a lever, the'movements of which are visible from the top of the ICO IIO

breech-block, pivoted in said breech-block so press its hooked head into engagement with I having arms o2, adapted to depress said levers the anged head of a cartridge-shell and to inwhen lthe breeeh-bloekis drawn back, substan- 1o dicate that the fire-arm is tired, substantially tially as specified.

as specified.

6. In a breeehloading lire-arm, the combination of the breech-block B, the hammers G, the pivoted levers n, having inclined upper edges, and the spring-actuated sliding bolt o,

WM. E. BUDD.

Witnesses FREDK. HAYNEs, ED. GLATZMAYER. 

